A guide to Tamil Nadu politics
Udal mannukku, uyir Tamizhukku(the body is for the soil and life is for Tamil). These were the words which brought Annadurai’s Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam to power in the 1960’s. So great was the margin of their victory that the congress was literally driven out. This was at a time when the rest of the country wasn’t aware that parties other than the Congress even existed.
Tamil politics are, without any exaggeration, the most contradictary, confusing, and weird in the nation. First off, it’s been over four decades since a national party came to power in this Dravidian state. It’s people are cut-off from the national mainstream and want to be disassociated from the rest of the nation.
Talk to an average Tamilian and he will say “I am a Tamilian first and an Indian second. The Tamil interest is of much greater consequence to me than that of the nation.” And this is clearly seen from the fact that it’s denizens overtly support the man who was responsible for the assassination of our former Prime Minister. Tamil pride is way more important to them than national pride is.
Before you start judging the people, please think about the reasons for their behaving in such a way. Tamils are pretty much ridiculed and hated in most of north India. This post does not support either side, but merely tries to analyse the cause and consequence of the emotions which run high in our country. Most Tamilians feel the centre has been unjust to their state ever since it’s formation, which is why the anti- Hindi movement was such a huge success in the 1960’s.
Most people who visit from the north are disgusted by their adamance to not speak Hindi even if they know it, but the reason, contrary to popular belief, is not just because Karunanidhi encouraged it. Rather, MooKa encouraged it because of the public’s obstinacy.
Further, hardly anyone spoke Hindi in Tamil Nadu throughout. After Hindi was made the national language, all milestones and roadsigns were written solely in Hindi and English. Apart from the fact that they wanted it written in ther own language, it’s also true that a not so well educated guy’s vocabulary in the national language is limited to “arey bai acha acha.” Protests to get it written in Tamil as well did not yield the Congress government led by Rajaji, who even made it a compulsary language in schools. At the same time, Dravidar Kazhagam, a social service organization, spawned the Dravidar Munnetra Kazhagam- it’s political faction. These guys started the agitation, and the rest is history.
In any part of the country, it is a big thing for a Dalit to win an election anywhere except a reserved constituency. Here, on the other hand, a Dalit candidate is a norm. A forward class candidate’s win is the equivalent of a Dalit winning in another state.
The state of Indian politics at the moment:
The Congress has allied with the DMK. Another comical case of desperation overruling ideological differences. The congress is mainstream while DMK is anti-national. The Congress wants Prabhakaran dead for killing it’s leader and doesn’t mind killing a few insignificant civilians during it’s course. It therefore, supplies weapons to the Sri Lankan government. The DMK leader on the other hand calls Prabhakaran his “friend” and says he wants the LTTE to survive and fight.
End result: weapons are provided from the centre to SriLanka and the state starts an agitation against Sri Lanka using those weapons, provided by their allies. But the Congress and DMK are chaddi buddies
That’s a merger of difference in ideologies. On the other hand, let’s compare the two biggest parties in the state.
The DMK and AIADMK don’t have an iota of difference in ideology and are sworn enemies.
DMK was started by the champion of Kanchipuram- C.N. Annadurai. The AIADMK was started by MGR in memory of Annadurai to implement his ideology.
Dialogue from the movie Iruvar(translated) to best describe the difference in these two parties: “Our ideals are one, but our fortresses are different.”
Let us examine some more contradictions in my home state:
In the land of Iyers, Iyengars, Agraharams, Ayyanars, and Andal, the biggest atheism movement in this part of the world grew. Notorious for their idol breaking and blasphemy(which runs till date), the then Congress chief minister Rajaji of the Madras province, had no choice but send off his deity Balaji of Thirupathi to neighbouring Andhra when the states were formed. In exchange, Tamil Nadu got industrialised Madras, the southern port of the Brits. I digress, but that’s why Madras Tamil has Telugu and Urdu words sparsely peppered in it. e.g: jobi, Kosam, kastam, Nizam, Inam etc.
Looking at it even more microscopically, you’ll find that each district is a microcosm to this contradiction. DMK is the party which has a problem with god and religion and indulges in blasphemy. AIADMK only arrests religious heads and brings in conversion laws. The most religious of places in Tamil Nadu(Hindu) are Kanchipuram and Madurai. They are extremely religious and support the atheists with a vengeance. Thirunelveli, on the other hand, has a Christian majority, and that’s a stronghold of the AIADMK, the party which brought anti-conversion laws to the state.
Karunanidhi is a staunch atheist in the open. He asked “who is this Ram? Which engineering college did he graduate from?” when religious heads opposed the Sethusamudram project because it involved the breaking of a bridge, believed to be built by lord Ram. But it is rumoured that he visits the temple in his street at 2 in the morning to apologise for his blasphemy. Also he wears a yellow shawl, which people say is associated with religion. He is against all languages except Tamil, yet his TV channel has an English news programme.
Jayalalithaa is a very strong willed person, but not a very adept politician. During MooKa’s rule, rowdyism is given a free hand, and police powers are very limited. During her rule though, they come down on miscreants with an iron hand. She believes in numerology and is a devotee of Sri Sri Ravishankar, yet she arrested the Sankaracharya when he was suspected for murder, that is something not many politicians would be willing to try for fear of losing the Hindu majority vote bank.
She also proved that she is not for or against any religion by bringing in conversion laws at the same time. To curb the conversions to christianity through force and money, she brought in some guidelines which missionaries have to follow while carrying out conversions. This bill was soon removed because the missionaries went on a hunger strike in Velankanni and Bishops appealed to the entire Christian community to vote against her. This was again a very bold move on her part, because Christians too, are a large chunk of the population in southern TN.
The reasons for Jayalalithaa losing the 2006 elections were mainly because she fired over 7000 state government employees for staging a protest, the conversion laws, the Acharya arrest, and the Vijaykanth factor. Quite a few people who traditionally voted for her, voted for Captain. As a result of this, Captain won a lone seat in the assembly elections but got his deposit back in most constituencies. The DMK vote remained intact on the other hand. This way, the DMK gained a majority, not because of its own credibility, but because the entry of Captain into politics got Amma to lose.
I’ll end my post this time not with a poll analysis but my opinion of the two parties, and why I support one of them.
The DMK harasses the public in the name of law enforcement. MooKa changed the date of the Tamil new year. The month Chitrai is like January in the Tamil calender. He changed Thai to the first month of the year. That’s equivalent to changing new year from January to October. The only thing I can fathom from this is that he is old and will soon kick the bucket, and wants to do something to prove his might like Augustus Caesar, who tried to make August the most important month of the year.
Not only did he change the date, he also passed an oral order saying the traditional reading of the Tamil calender in temples on new year’s day must be stopped. He, as an atheist, has no reason or right to stop a community from celebrating a festival. It goes against democracy.
Also, he has increased reservation percentage to 77% in the state(as far as I remember), when the constitution clearly mentions that a figure over 50% is not permitted. Don’t get me wrong, I’m not against reservation for the oppressed communities, but you don’t make the general quota to be lesser than the reserved. The forward communities are not intelligent or privileged enough to get admitted into colleges with 23% seats.
Jayalalithaa has her own flaws. She comes down too strong on issues she believes strongly against, without pausing to think about why it was caused and what effect her actions will have. But at the same time, she is fair and just. More so, she is a woman who has stood up against MooKa, who vanquished all his foes by force on his way up the ladder. Standing up to him is no small feat, even more so for a woman.
Last but not the least, she is extremely well educated, intelligent, and talented. She has an entire library of books, each and every one of which she has read. She has prowess in nine languages, and has much more experience in dealing with issues. For reasons wrong or right, I feel the educated are much better informed and can handle situations in a much more comprehensive manner.
Whether Amma is going to win this time or not is a different issue, but my support she definitely has, and I urge my fellow Tamils to follow suit.